TRADUCEREA PROVERBELOR: TEORII ŞI STRATEGII

Author(s): Alin Titi Călin / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 03/2016

This paper aims to tackle a relatively new theme in the philological research, our main purpose being to find a link between two different fields of research: paremiology and translation studies. Translating proverbs is a laborious process, caused by the complexity of the units extracted from the community’s wisdom, but also by the lack of a theory or strategies that can facilitate their transposition to a different language and culture. In this article, we realize a brief presentation of the most important theoretical aspects of the process of translating proverbs. We have included the solutions and the contribution to the topic revealed by Julia Sevilla Muñoz, Gloria Corpas Pastor, Mona Baker, and Eugeniu Coşeriu’s translation theory. Proverbs used as representation were collected from the Hispanic and Romanian culture.

Translating the Diaries of Dostoevsky and Tolstoy in Communist Romania

Author(s): Oana Purice / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2016

My paper will discuss the critical grounds that preceded the translation of Dostoevsky and Tolstoy’s diaries into Romanian, published by Univers Publishing House in 1974 and 1975-1976 respectively, focusing on the Prefaces written by Ion Ianoși. Relying on both historical studies and relevant documents of the 1947-1989 period, I will start by generally describing, on the one hand, the process of the Russian and Soviet translations into post-War Romania and, on the other hand, the Communist regime’s views and practices in translating and publishing autobiographical literature.Leftist intellectual who fulfilled his academic education in USSR and worked in the Central Committee for almost nine years, Ion Ianoși is a key-figure in analyzing the incipient reception perspective of the two Diaries; collating the 70s Prefaces with their post-Communism republications and Ianoși’s Memoirs, I will dwell on the position the scholar takes in the foreignization-domestication binary, as discussed by Sean Cotter following two of Lawrence Venuti’s concepts.

Despre traducerea în limba română (secolele al XVIII-lea și al XIX-lea)

Author(s): Georgiana Lungu-Badea / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 54/2016

The present study of Romanian traductology has several objectives, some corresponding to the history and/or to the historiography of translation, others corresponding to the proto-theories of translation (Delisle & Lafond 2006, Delisle & Woodsworth 2005). Firstly, we highlight the explicit connection that exists between the inductive pre-theories of translation from the 18th-19th centuries – influenced by the Western theoretical models (cultural, historical, etc.) – and the deductive linguistic theories, and also between the branches of traductology: history, historiography, theory, practice, philosophy of translation. Grounded, not exclusively, on information from Un capitol de traductologie românească [A Chapter of Romanian Traductology] (2008), Repertoriile [The Repertoires] of translators (RTR I: 2006) and translated texts (RTR II: 2006), the present research goes beyond the descriptive-statistical approach, which is used now as a tool for an argumentative interpretation with parallels to the Western similar situations (historically delayed). We aim to reveal how the inductive and empirical theories of translation of the 19th century, of an obviously descriptive nature, combine with the deductive linguistic theories (the Latinism, the purism, the Italianism), of a predominantly normative nature. Also, we demonstrate that one can consider the existence of an incipient pre-traductological, inductive, research.

Madame de Staël, Mirza ou Lettre d’un voyageur (II), Mirza sau Scrisoarea unui călător

Author(s): Ramona Maliţa / Language(s): French Issue: 54/2016

The French romantic tale Mirza ou Lettre d’un voyageur, written in 1786, published in 1795, is one of Madame de Staël’s early literary works. This tale is the first in a series of three: Mirza or a Traveler’s Letter, Adelaide and Theodore, Pauline’s Sad Life, all written in the same period: 1786-1794. This translation, made for the first time in Romanian, follows closely Madame de Staël’s text as it was published in the edition of 1856. The footnotes accompanying the French text of the tale belong to the author; ours are accompanying this short presentation. This fragment represents the translation of the second half of the tale, the first one being published in the previous issue of the journal (Annals 2015).

A bíborvörös tanulmány esete

Author(s): Ágnes Kata Miklós / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 03/2017

Enhancing Skill Development Opportunities for Translators

Author(s): Silvia Blanca Irimiea / Language(s): English Issue: 09/2016

The present paper is an empirical and argumentative study, which goes out from the European educational policy, a policy aimed at promoting work-based learning, ensuring quality in Vocational Education and Training (VET) provision and providing continuos professional training to both employees and teachers, trainers, mentors. The paper sets out to investigate the translation market which absorbs the graduates of the Applied Modern Languages Department at Babeș-Bolyai University and to show (1) how graduates adapt to specific job requirements and exigencies, (2) the ways translators overcome job-specific difficulties, and (3) the training opportunities offered to translators after their graduation. The scope of the study is limited to the local practices available in 2015-2016. Building on a literature review of research carried out by CEDEFOP on work-based learning (2010, 2012, EC, 2012a, 2012b, 2013), on Europfund statistics (July, 2016) and UNESCO reports (2008, 2015), the study draws on information provided by local translation offices managers and employees and the discussion of results. The discussions and reports on the collected data reveal, on the one hand, a stable and satisfactory situation, in general, guaranteed by the quality of translations and qualified translators, yet, on the other, they show that the development or improvement of skills relies mostly on the employee's own means and resources, and on the limited 'in-company' training offered by the employees.

Romanian Conference Interpreting Market: Educating the Client

Author(s): Maria Dan / Language(s): English Issue: Suppl./2016

Unlike other ''popular'' professions, such as software developer, account manager or financial advisor, the role of the conference interpreter on the Romanian market is still very vague for most non-linguist specialists. The purpose of this intervention is to identify who the users of the interpreting services are and what is the relationship between the interpreter and his/her clients. Relying on my personal experience as a freelance interpreter, I shall present several accounts which reveal the expectations of conference organisers, speakers and audience members. We shall see how the interpreter can meet these expectations and educate the client into lowering or increasing them, in order to obtain a successful collaboration and mutual benefits.

With Great Power Comes Great Responsibility. Interpreting Allusions

Author(s): Loana Griguță / Language(s): English Issue: Suppl./2016

The aim of this paper is to find out which strategies help interpreters tackle allusions. Given the lack of research on this particular topic, we have decided to start from the strategy model proposed by Leppihalme (1997) with regards to translation. We have thus conducted a small-scale experiment in order to discover to what extent the model would be applicable in interpreting and which of the strategies are preferred by interpreters. The analysis has shown that the strategies employed align with the existing strategy model, which is therefore to some extent applicable in interpreting, but not in its entirety and without much strategy variation.

Audiovisuals and Public Speaking Skills Enhancement in Conference Interpreting

Author(s): Adriana Neagu / Language(s): English Issue: Suppl./2016

The following is an enquiry into the role of audiovisual aids in enhancing speaking competences among conference interpreting trainees. The enquiry is premised on the thesis that audiovisual material can play a relevant part in the shaping of the conference interpreter's profile. As part of their job description, conference interpreters are called upon to probe the highest confidence in, indeed the highest level of public speaking competence. Oral communicators par excellence, conference interpreters work in a multimodal environment that requires extensive audio-visual literacy. Going beyond user-related proficiency, audiovisual awareness forms an integral part of the process, having a direct bearing on the interpreter's receptive and productive behavior, involving as it does multimodal discourse analysis. In the paper I argue that, as well as video recordings, transcripts, speech pools, and other conventional resources on which they depend to build and maintain their skills, intepreters can benefit from a variety of alternative audiovisual resources, particularly as regards the enhancement of public speaking abilities. What we propose is rethinking the didactic paradigm of conference interpreting training with a view to including film, conferences live feeds, video games, and the new media.

Virtual Teams - Ideal Working Method for Translators

Author(s): Virginia-Maria Bordaș / Language(s): English Issue: Suppl./2016

The latest technology developments allow new working methods for translators as well as for other suppliers of language services. This paper shall include a short description on how the workflow in translation and project management has evolved, by incorporating IT and social media work solution, enabling remote work, connecting people from different countries or different continents in virtual teams. The following pages continues the discussion on requirements and challenges this new method brings for both the clients needing this type of services, and the professionals providing these services.

Deverbalisation. Case Study: Sight Translation

Author(s): Andreea Dragu / Language(s): English Issue: Suppl./2016

The present case study is based on an experiment inspired by Al-Hammadi's (2008) paper regarding the use of deverbalisation and 'intermediate coding' as translator training techniques . A group of students of a master's programme in conference interpreting were asked to perform sight translation on a series of texts in two alternative ways: one part of each text was to be translated in whichever manner the participant found fit, while the other was to be translated according to a set of instructions asking the participant to read each sentence silently, rephrase it in their own words (in their mind) and only afterwards utter the translation aloud. The recordings (and transcriptions) of the sight translations were then analysed and a series of relevant observations were made regarding the practical application of some of the main theoretical studies of deverbalisation.

Culturèmes et implicite dans la langue juridique. Quelques « points névralgiques » de la traduction français-roumain

Author(s): Carmen-Ecaterina Ciobâcă / Language(s): French Issue: 09/2016

This paper focuses on the translation of legal discourse. In order to solve the translation difficulties, the translator needs to move from the terminological approach, which is merely descriptive, to the discursive approach, which allows a broader analysis of legal texts. Translation difficulties can be terminological and discursive, in other words, cultural, the latter category being the most resistant to translation. As legal systems are mostly national phenomena, we can speak about various legal cultures and, implicitly, about culture-bound legal terms. In order to solve the issue of lack of correspondence between two legal systems, the translator can search for the “functional equivalence” and translate “concept by concept” rather than translate “word for word”. Besides his/her linguistic capacity, the translator must have a cultural competence and resort to comparative analysis. A useful step in this respect is the creation of Legal Translation Studies and the elaboration of dictionaries of culture-bound legal terms.

La correspondance commerciale entre stratégies discursives et marketing relationnel

Author(s): Mihaela Toader / Language(s): French Issue: 09/2016

In a world where products abound in the market, it is difficult to be different in the eyes of customers. There are nevertheless companies which manage to create a style of their own. Customer relations, whether involving written communication or not, are a set of coordinated actions that a firm undertakes in order to stand out, to arouse the interest of customers for its products or services, to promote its brand and, last but not least, to develop customer loyalty by showing clients how much they mean to the company. This special kind of relationship – crucial for businesses – is based on several fundamental elements, but we think it is above all a state of mind of the company, which tries to give the best possible satisfaction to customers through its employees. This entails a good knowledge of the markets and customer expectations, and requires personalized communication with clients. As communication with customers from other countries involves higher multilingual and intercultural skills applied to specific areas of activity, training good customer communication professionals is the activity of both business schools and Applied Modern Languages departments. Most of the companies which are aware of the challenges of a relevant and good quality language focus on attracting and retaining customers. To do that, they recruit people who are highly qualified in the fields concerned. Which disciplines prepare the AML student for the field of customer relations?

Young Frankenstein : quand le sexe se glisse entre les mots

Author(s): Alice Defacq / Language(s): French Issue: 09/2016

This paper examines the treatment of the sexual innuendos in the French adaptation of the American musical Young Frankenstein. Some of them were literally translated by Stéphane Laporte because they conveyed the same meaning. But some had to be rewritten insofar as they represented wordplay unique to English. These alterations were also made to avoid a loss of translation and to keep the humor of the puns doubled with sexual innuendos. The study proposes to explore the choices of translation made by the adaptor in order to allow the audience to enjoy the adaptation of the musical.

Vous avez dit postcommunication ?

Author(s): Rodica Baconsky / Language(s): French Issue: Suppl./2016

-

La transparence du traducteur à l’ère de la technologie, du cloud et du crowd

Author(s): Pascaline Merten / Language(s): French Issue: Suppl./2016

Translation and interpretation developed as fields independent from linguistics and philology after the Second World War. Meanwhile, translators and interpreters became more professional, and came out of anonymity. Teachers and trainers also became more professional, partly because education is no more seen as a gift, but as a profession, partly because more and more translation teachers graduated themselves in translation or interpretation. As in all fields, new technologies significantly have changed the profession: ICTs are changing the way we teach, and created new translation activities: localizer, game localizer, subtitler, surtitler, proofreader, reviser, terminologist, project manager... Interpretation also can no longer be regarded only in terms of conference interpreting. This presentation explores the impact of ICT on the profession, the industry and in education. Between collaborative work, crowd translation, cloud-based tools, virtual teams, what is the role and added value of the young translator or interpreter?

Repères pour une traductologie des mentalités

Author(s): Narcis Zărnescu / Language(s): French Issue: Suppl./2016

The study proposes a discrete change of paradigm: a hypothesis on the traductology focused on the mentalities. Based on a sequential analysis of the multicultural history of sacred texts translation, the author proposes a new concept: indirect translation, within the target community. The study outlines the drama of the traductologist-hermeneutist in search of mentalities meanings who by his deconstruction - reconstruction inaugurates a space of utopia or of the resignation.

Schwierigkeiten und Herausforderungen bei der Gedichtübersetzung. Ein Ausgangsgedicht – zwei mögliche Übersetzungsvarianten

Author(s): Daniela-Elena Vladu / Language(s): German Issue: Suppl./2016

Poems as special literary texts operate under the particular aspect of generalization and artistic design, whereby the author transposes the reality to its subjective, very personal way as an artistic message. The literary translation is quite a free translation art. It is a field where linguistic and cultural information is necessary. The translator thus creates bridges between two cultures, two languages, two worlds. There are two possible translations into Romanian of the German poem Das Vagabundenlied by Jura Soyfer, mainly analyzed and commented on pragmatic-cultural level.

СЛОБОДНИ НЕУПРАВНИ ГОВОР У РОМАНУ ГОРДОСТ И ПРЕДРАСУДА И ЊЕГОВОМ ПРЕВОДУ НА СРПСКИ ЈЕЗИК

Author(s): Jelena M. Josijević / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 52/2013

The paper analyzes the realizations of free indirect speech (FIS) in Jane Austen’s Pride and Prejudice and its Serbian translation. The first part of the paper focuses on formal indicators of FIS in the novel comparing it with the model described in literature. The second part analyzes Serbian translation of FIS. In certain number of examples, polyphony of the original utterance is lost in translation. A narrator’s voice is lost when original FIS becomes free direct speech. This transition happens due to the fact that the convention of consequtio temporarum exists in English, but does not exist in Serbian, but only in those utterances in which the convention is the only indicator of FIS. A character’s voice is lost when FIS becomes non-reporting narration. This transition happens when verb forms which undergone the sequence of tenses are not adequately translated

Some reflections on Romanian translation studies

Author(s): Magda Jeanrenaud / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2015

In this paper, I decided to examine two “verdicts” on the specificity (or the lack of specificity) of Romanian translation studies in order to define and explain the present situation in this field: one given in the Encyclopedia of Translation Studies, the other in a book on “Romanian translation ideas and meta-ideas”. I believe that the current situation justifies the following hypothesis: the current specific of translation theories in the Romanian space is entailed by the existence of two circuits. The first is academic and international, aiming at including the Romanian research in European directions, by assimilating them more or less. The second is a national circuit—where the positions expressed within the first circuit penetrate indirectly, through “central” languages—and it manifests itself as selective and elective affinities between the two; their interaction is sporadic and it occurs mainly through other languages, not through an interiorization process related to the language of the Romanian source space.